Colorectal cancer is no longer just a disease of older age. It has become the leading cause of cancer death for Americans under 50, a shift documented by recent analyses of national data. James Van Der Beek’s death at 48 this week and the 2020 death of Chadwick Boseman at 43 put a public face on a trend oncologists have tracked for years. Researchers and clinicians say awareness, symptom checks, and earlier screening can save lives.
Colorectal cancer under 50: what the numbers show
The American Cancer Society reports that mortality under 50 has inched up about 1.1% per year since 2005, pushing colorectal cancer to the top spot for that age group. Overall cases across all ages remain high, but screening has helped older adults. Among younger adults, diagnoses and deaths have risen since the early 2000s.
High-profile losses highlight a broader shift
News of Van Der Beek’s death from colorectal cancer at 48 follows years of public attention since Boseman’s passing at 43. These cases do not explain the trend, but they have driven discussion of early symptoms and testing.
Who faces the greatest risk — and what you can change
Risk rises with age, family history, and conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease. Lifestyle factors matter: obesity, low physical activity, smoking, heavy alcohol use, and diets high in red or processed meat raise risk; eating more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains lowers it. Regular exercise has also been linked to better outcomes after treatment.
Symptoms that need prompt medical checks
Watch for blood in stool or rectal bleeding, persistent changes in bowel habits, narrow stools, unintended weight loss, or ongoing abdominal pain. Do not wait on symptoms that last more than a few days. Early diagnosis improves survival.
When to start screening — and your options
Most guidelines advise average-risk adults to begin at 45. People with higher risk — due to family history or certain diseases — should discuss earlier testing with a clinician. Options include annual stool-based tests that look for hidden blood or cancer DNA, and colonoscopy, an internal camera exam that can remove precancerous polyps and is typically repeated every 10 years if results are normal. A newer blood test is available for adults 45 and older, but it does not replace colonoscopy if results are positive.
What might be driving the rise?
Researchers do not have a single answer. Many younger patients lack classic risk factors. Scientists are probing shifts in the gut microbiome — the community of bacteria in our intestines — along with diet, antibiotics, and tumor location patterns that differ by age. These clues could point to prevention and treatment strategies, but more evidence is needed.
Why this matters now
Deaths among older adults have fallen thanks to screening and polyp removal. Younger adults have not seen the same gains, and many are diagnosed later. Public figures can raise awareness, but data drive the message: know symptoms, act early, and follow screening guidance starting at 45 or earlier if you are at higher risk.
